IMPACT OF PORT FACILITIES AND LOADING-UNLOADING ON DWELL TIME AT TANJUNG PRIOK PORT

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of port facilities and loading and unloading processes on dwelling time at Tanjung Priok Port, Indonesia's primary trade gateway. Dwelling time, a critical factor in port efficiency, directly influences logistics costs and the competitiveness of the national economy. The research method uses a quantitative approach where data is collected through surveys and statistical analysis, with data sourced from three major companies operating at Tanjung Priok Port and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The findings reveal that while port facilities significantly enhance the efficiency of loading and unloading operations, their direct impact on dwelling time is less pronounced. However, when the influence of port facilities is mediated through loading and unloading processes, a notable reduction in dwelling time is observed. This highlights the importance of an integrated approach to port management, where infrastructure development is closely aligned with operational improvements. The study's limitations, including its focus on a limited set of variables and a single port, suggest the need for further research to explore additional factors affecting dwelling time and to validate the findings across different ports. The results underscore the necessity for port authorities to prioritize investments in modernizing infrastructure and optimizing operational processes to reduce dwelling time and enhance overall port efficiency.