Spatial Factors Influencing the Suitability of JPJ Enforcement Sites in Malaysia: A Review and Expert Perspective from Johor, Malaysia
Abstract
The suitability of Road Transport Department (JPJ) enforcement sites in Malaysia is possibly affected by inconsistent spatial factors and unclear regional enforcement criteria. This paper reviews the critical spatial factors influencing the suitability of enforcement sites by the JPJ in Malaysia. Using a review of relevant academic studies, official reports and selected local expert opinion, the research identifies how spatial criteria determine operational effectiveness and enforcement impact. The key factors examined include road accident blackspots, traffic violation hotspots, heavy vehicle and logistics routes, public complaints on traffic offences, infrastructure and strategic access, digital enforcement readiness, population density, commercial hubs, and officer safety. The findings underscore the need to integrate multi-criteria spatial analysis to optimise site selection, enhance enforcement resource allocation, and improve road safety outcomes in Malaysia. The paper further discusses implications for policy and technological integration to support dynamic, data-driven enforcement strategies.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.25292/atlr.v8i0.764
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